Annotated bibliography of about 200 books on the Civil War prisons. Includes firsthand and secondary accounts. Covers all prisons, but contains more on Andersonville than any of the others.  Dated but still useful compilation. 

1. Unpublished Documents.

For a description, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Seven photographs. For a description, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections:  http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Contains letters of a prisoner at Andersonville. For a description, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

See especially 249.2.2 "Records relating to individual prisoners of war," and 249.3.2 "Records relating to individual federal prisoners of war." For more details see: http://www.nara.gov/guide/rg249.html.

See "Guides to National Archives Microfilm Publications of Records of the Civil War Era,"  http://www.nara.gov/nara/naralibrary/ref/civilmp1.html.

See especially 109.6 "Records of the Office of Secretary of War," and 109.14.2 "Records relating to prisoners, oaths, and paroles." For details, see:  http://www.nara.gov/guide/rg109.html. 

SEE ALSO item 216, pages 308-15, for an extensive listing of manuscript sources on Andersonville.

2. Official Publications.

See especially the following volumes: 
Series II, Volume VI.  1899. 1184 p. (Prisons from June 1863 to March 1864). Series II, Volume VII.  1899. 1367 p.  (Prisons from April 1864 to December 1864. Contains a vast amount of information on Andersonville). Series II, Volume VIII.  1899. 1060 p.  (Prisons from January 1865 to 1866). 

3. Diaries, Memoirs, and Personal Papers.

a. Unpublished.

Collection of 70,000 items.

One microfilm reel. Daniel Bond was a private in Company B, 1st Regiment of Minnesota Cavalry. Contains handwritten memoir of his imprisonment at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections:  http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.htmll.

One box of papers. Newell Burch was a corporal in Company E of the 154th Regiment of New York Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

One microfilm reel. Soldier in 27th Massachusetts Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

One microfilm reel. Soldier in 21st New York Cavalry and prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Soldier in 122nd New York Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

One microfilm reel. Corporal in Company E, 18th Wisconsin Infantry. Prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

One microfilm reel. Ranson August Chadwick was a private in Company K of the 85th Regiment of New York Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. Contains his diary as prisoner. For details, see the Emory online catalog: http://www.library.emory.edu/.

Sixteen items including correspondence concerning J. Leander Chapin's imprisonment at Andersonville. Chapin was a private in Company A of the 16th Connecticut Regiment. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Photocopy of a ten-paged transcript. Charles Chesterman was a private in Company A, 1st Battalion, 13th Illinois Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville.

Includes transcript of diary of Asa Root, a private in Company C of the 85th New York Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Typed copy of joint diary kept by John B. Duboise and L. Hebard Whittlesey, prisoners at Andersonville. Whittlesey was a sergeant in Company F of the 1st New York Cavalry. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Includes letters of Edwin Eastwood referring to Andersonville. Eastwood,a private in the 24th New York Battery, was a prisoner at Andersonville and died there on July 31, 1864. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html

Includes correspondence referring to Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Thirteen pieces on one microfilm reel. Private in Company F, 38th Illinois Infantry. Prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the Emory online catalog: http://www.library.emory.edu/.

Five volumes. Diaries refer to the experiences of Ferdinand Joseph Fuller Crossman, a private in the 1st Regiment of Massachusetts Sharpshooters and prisoner at Andersonvile. He died there on August 9, 1864. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html

Fifty-two pages. A prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Includes a diary of F. Wilbur Goodyear, a prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Three volumes. A prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Vast archival collection of the Harrold Brothers firm of Americus, Georgia, a major provisions supplier for the Andersonville prison. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Material on Noble Perrin, 72nd Ohio Volunteers a prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html

A private in Company B, 148th New York Infantry and a prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Typescript copy of 7 leaves written in North Haven, Connecticut, 1909. A prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Material on Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html

For details, see the Library of Congress collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/.

Diary of a sergeant in Co. G, 6th Michigan Cavalry. Prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Diary of a sergeant in Company G of the 9th Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Cavalry. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html. A microfilm copy is available in the Woodruff Library of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.

Sergeant in Company K of the 143rd Regiment of Pennsylvania Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Sergeant in Company A, 72nd Regiment of Ohio Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Includes typed memoir of George Hollands, a sergeant in Company B of the 101st Regiment of Pennsylvania Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Reminiscence of a private in Company B of the 9th Regiment of Minnesota Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Contains memoir of Sheldon Russell Curtiss, a private in Company M of the 6th Michigan Cavalry, and prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Soldier in Company K, 1st Wisconsin Cavalry. His diary refers to Andersonville prison. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Sergeant in Company L of the 13th Pennsylvania Cavalry and prisoner at Andersonville. Papers contain correspondence from Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Name sometimes given as "John Worrell Northrop," a private in Company F of the 76th Regiment of New York Infantry. He was captured on May 4, 1864, and paroled on December 12, 1864, at Charleston.  Reproduced on microfilm:  Cleveland, OH: Micro Photo, [195-].

Papers collected by Constant R. Marks. Contains material on Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.htmll.

Account of experiences of Soren Peterson, a soldier in Company K, 15th Wisconsin Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html

Contains a letter referring to his imprisonment at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Contains reminiscence of Charles A. Rubright, a private in Company F of the 106th Regiment of Pennsylvania Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Soldier in a New Jersey cavalry regiment. Reminiscence, written about 1914, includes account of his imprisonment at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Corporal in Company K, 10th Regiment of Wisconsin Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. Papers include handwritten account of Andersonville including his escape from there. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.htmll.

Private in Company E of the 15th  Regiment of  Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. He was captured on September 20, 1863, and paroled on April 28, 1865, at Jacksonville, Florida. The essay is an undated typed description of Andersonville written by Steensland's son. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html

Contains papers of John Howard Stibbs, a member of the commission that tried Henry Wirz. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Soldier in Company D, 4th Wisconsin Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. Papers contain his recollections of Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Physician with Confederate forces. Papers contain references to medical care at Andersonville in 1865. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Contains typed reminiscence of Frank Danes, a prisoner at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Sergeant in Company A, 31st Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry and Company H, 36th Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. He was captured on May 26, 1864 and imprisoned at Andersonville where the died on August 18, 1864. Papers contain references to Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Private in Company F of the 21st Regiment of Wisconsin Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. He was captured on September 20, 1863, and exchanged on February 27, 1865. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html

Contains material on the trial of Henry Wirz. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Sergeant in the 7th Regiment of Wisconsin Light Artillery Battery and prisoner at Andersonville. He was captured on June 11, 1864, and exchanged on November 14, 1864 at Savannah. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Contains correspondence of Joseph Williams, 4th Regiment of Georgia State Reserve, who served at Andersonville. For details, see the National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections: http://lcweb.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/nucmc.html.

Fourteen items. See the Library of Congress Online Catalog: http://lcweb.loc.gov/catalog

b. Published.

(1) Books.

Private in Company F of the 24th Regiment of Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry. Prisoner at Andersonville from May 21, 1864. Released in April of 1865. Pages 25-65 cover the time at Andersonville. Much space devoted to the trial of Henry Wirz. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 198) says this is a hastily written hostile narrative.

Another edition: Sufferings of Union Soldiers in Southern Prisons: Transcript of the Andersonville Trial/Samuel J.M. Andrews; with new introduction and index by Helen Cox Tregillis.  Bowie, MD: Heritage Books, 1996. 76 p. 
Andrews was a private in Company E of the 17th Regiment of Illinois Infantry. He was captured on February 16, 1864, and exchanged on March 1, 1865.

"Billy" was a prisoner who escaped from Andersonville. Byrne (item 3, p.186) says this is "bad fiction masquerading as fact." 

Isaac Walton Bobst (1847-1924).

A sergeant in Company E, 21st Regiment of Illinois Infantry. He was captured on September 20, 1863, and paroled on March 1, 1865. 
Other editions: 
Lovington, IL: 1889. 76 p. 
Lovington, IL: S.S. Boggs, 1887. 69 p.  This was reproduced on microopaque as Travels in the Confederate States, No. 42, by Lost Cause Press, Louisville, KY, 1956. 
In German: Achtzehn Monate ein Gefangener unter den Rebellen-Flagge.  Lovington, IL: S.S. Boggs, 1889. 
In Swedish:  Aderton manaders fangelselif under rebellernas Flagga... Milwaukee: Riverside Printing, 1892. 109 p. 
Also,  Atten Maanders Fangenstab under Oprorsflaget...  Milwaukee: Riverside Printing, 1892. 129 p. 
Byrne (item 3, p.186) holds Boggs's books to be "prison propaganda," that is, atrocity stories collected from a number of sources. 

Reprint. First published, Glen Cove, NY: "Gazette" Books and Job Office, 1867. 
Brownell was a private in Company M of the 2nd Regiment of New York Cavalry. He was captured on May 5, 1864. From Andersonville, he was sent to Charleston.

Carr was a private in Company F of the 82nd Regiment of New York Infantry. He was captured on June 22, 1864, and paroled on March 4, 1865.

Contains the account of Prescott Tracy, Company G, 82nd Regiment of New York Volunteers who was a prisoner at Andersonville from early July to mid-August of 1864, pp. 282-91. 
This is a reprint combining two books originally published separately in the 1950's.

Creelman was a private in Company A of the 101st Regiment of Pennsylvania Infantry. 

Damkoehler was a private in Company I of the 26th Regiment of Wisconsin Infantry. He was captured on May 15, 1864, and died a prisoner at Andersonville on June 26, 1864.

Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 114, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1956. 
Henry M. Davidson (d. 1900) was a private in Company D of the 1st Regiment of Ohio Artillery. He was captured on September 19, 1863, and released on November 21, 1864. 
Byrne (item 3, p.189) says the author believed that Confederate prisons were meant to be death camps. 
See also item 105.

According to Futch, (item 206, p. 140), Lt. Davis was Wirz's second in command and defends Wirz. Byrne (item 3, p. 189) says this is an important testimony of a prison official defending Gen. Winder and the other Confederate officers in charge. 

James H. Dennison, Sergeant in Company K, 113th Regiment of Illinois Volunteer Infantry, b. February 3, 1837, near Montreal, Canada; d. March 13, 1905, Kankakee County, Illinois. A prisoner at Andersonville from June 19 to September 29, 1864. He was captured on June 11, 1864, and released on February 24, 1865. The diary runs from March 3, 1864 to February 15, 1865. For Andersonville, most entries are brief, a few lines each, and show the harshness of life without comment on the prison personnel

Reproduced on microopaque in the series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 129, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1956. 
Dougherty was a private in Company M of the 13th Regiment of Pennsylvania Cavalry. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 190) says this has extensive plagiarism from Boggs's book. 
See also item 156.

Memoir of a soldier in the 17th Michigan Volunteer Regiment. He does not give the dates of his imprisonment, but describes Andersonville on pages 96 to 246. Dowling repeats much of the testimony given in the Wirz trial. Byrne (item 3, p. 190) says this is has many unlikely, probably fictionalized episodes. 

Dufur was a private in Company B of the 1st Regiment of Vermont Cavalry. 
Reproduced on microopaque in the series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 134, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957. 
See also excerpts in:  Brandt, Nat.  "Is This Hell?"  MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Military History  5 (1993): 68-75. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 190) says this memoir is "often fanciful." 

Available in the Hargrett Rare Book Room, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia.

Empson was a private in Company A of the 124th Regiment of New York Infantry. He was released on April 5, 1865.

John J. Faller was a sergeant in Company A of the 7th Regiment of Pennsylvania Reserves.

Reprint. Originally published as:  Diary of a Soldier and Prisoner of War in the Rebel Prisons. Trenton, NJ: Murphy & Bechtel, 1865. 
According to Futch (item 206, p. 137), this is the most useful diary by an Andersonville prisoner. 
Forbes was a sergeant in Company B of the 4th Regiment of New Jersey Infantry. He was captured on May 6, 1864; he died on February 7, 1865, at Florence, South Carolina.

Fosdick was a corporal in Company K of the 5th Regiment of Iowa Infantry. He was captured on November 11, 1863, and exchanged on February 26, 1865. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 191) says this is bitter account has "obvious Republican propaganda." 

Written by Willard Worcester Glazier (1841-1905) in late 1865 from the diary he kept during the war. He served in Company E of the 2nd Regiment of New York Cavalry. He was captured on October 10, 1863, confined at Andersonville from May 3 to September of 1864, and exchanged on November 26, 1864, at Columbia, South Carolina. His comments on Andersonville, pages 330-352, strongly denounce the treatment of the prisoners. 
Other editions: Hartford, CT: H.E. Goodwin, 1867. 400 p. 
Original edition reproduced on microopaque in the series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 190a by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 192) says this book is the reworking of a "romanticized diary." 

Warren Lee Goss (1835-1925) was a sergeant in Company H of the 2nd Regiment of Massachusetts Heavy Artillery and prisoner at Andersonville from May 1 to September of 1864. The section on Andersonville, pages 71-185, is fairly detailed and includes some drawings and diagrams. 
Another edition: The Soldier's Story...with an appendix, containing the names of the Union soldiers who died at Andersonville. Boston: Lee and Shepard, 1869. 357 p. This edition was reproduced on microopaque in the series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 197a, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957. 
See also the article by Goss (item 161).

Another edition:  [n.p., 1912]. 251 p. 
Original edition reproduced on microopaque in the series Travels in the Confederate States by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957. 
Grigsby was a private in Company C of the 2nd Regiment of Wisconsin Cavalry. He was captured on March 8, 1864.

Another edition: Atlantic City, NJ: Daily Union Book and Job Printing, 1892. 117 p. 
Original edition reproduced on microopaque in the series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 217a, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957.

Byrne (item 3, p. 193) says these two reminiscences are "factually worthless." 

Hitchcock was a private in Company A of the 21st Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. Imprisonment at Andersonville, June 4 to November 2, 1864, covered on pages 220-264. Indexed

Hopkins was a corporal in Company I of the 1st Regiment of New Jersey Infantry.

2 edition: Greenfield, MA: the author, [191-?]. 90 p. 
Hosmer was a soldier in Company I of the 4th Vermont Infantry.

Reproduced on microopaque in the series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 245, by Lost Cause Press, Louisville, KY, 1957. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 194) says this is useful on aid given by slaves. 

Reproduced on microopaque in the series Travels in the Confederate States by Lost Cause Press, Louisville, KY, 1957. 
Reproduced on microfilm by Micrographic Systems of Connecticut, of New Haven, Connecticut, 1986. 
Hyde was a corporal in Company K of the 17th Regiment of Ohio Infantry. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 194) says this sometimes confused recollection gives important details on medical conditions. 

In the 7th Michigan Cavalry. 
Reproduced on microopaque in the series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 253, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957. 
Henry M. Davidson was a private in Company D of the 1st Regiment of Ohio Artillery. See his earlier memoir (item 82). 

Frederic Augustus James (1832-1864).

Byrne (item 3, p. 195) says this account is understandably bitter since the author left Andersonville "a paralytic."

Kellogg was a sergeant major in the 16th Regiment of Connecticut Infantry. 
Another edition: Hartford, CT: L. Stebbins, 1866. 423 p. 
Reprint of the 1865 edition:  The Black Heritage Library Collection. Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1971. 
1865 edition reproduced on microopaque in the series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 272, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957. 
1865 edition reproduced on microfiche in series Microbook Library of American Civilization by Library Resources, Chicago, 1970. 

Leonard (b. 1845) was a private in Company F of the 54th Regiment of Pennsylvania Infantry and prisoner at Belle Isle and Andersonville. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 196) says this is "superficial, worthless." 

Lightcap was a private in Company E of the 5th Regiment of Iowa Cavalry. He was captured on July 27, 1864, and exchanged in April of 1865 at Savannah. 
Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 292, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1958.

Long was a private in Company F of the 13th Regiment of Indiana Infantry. Captured on May 10, 1864, he arrived at Andersonville on May 31, 1864, and was paroled on April 28, 1865, at Jacksonville, Florida. 
Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 297, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957.

Lyon (b. 1842) was a private in Company C of the 9th Regiment of Minnesota Infantry. 
Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 302, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957.

The lengthiest and most detailed first-hand account, it is widely believed to be greatly exaggerated. It is also one of the most widely read accounts of Andersonville as it has been reprinted many times in various editions. 
The first edition was reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 308, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957. 
The first edition was also reproduced on microfiche in series Library of American Civilization by Library Resources of Chicago, 1970. 
First edition reprint: North Scituate, MA: Digital Scanning, 1999. Available in hardback, paperback, and on CD-ROM.

Other editions: 
Andersonville: A Story... 2 vols. Washington, The National Tribune, 1913. 
This Was Andersonville; The True Story of Andersonville Military Prison as Told in the Personal Recollections of John McElroy, Sometime Private, Co. L, 16th Illinois Cavalry. Edited by Roy Meredith. New York: Fairfax Press, 1957. 355 p. 

McElroy (1846-1929) was a private in Company L of the 16th Illinois Cavalry and a prisoner at Andersonville from February 25 to late November of 1864. His account is a lengthy narrative based on a memoir that he wrote in 1866. It provides a detailed and thoroughly negative view of camp conditions and the Confederate authorities. This edition provides a reprint of the Wirz trail proceedings, on pages 299-350. McElroy's work is often quoted in works on Andersonville because of its rich supply of details. 

Andersonville: A Story of Rebel Military Prisons. Specially abridged, with an introduction by Philip Van Doren Stern. Greenwich, CT: Fawcett, 1962. 384 p. 
Andersonville: A Story of Rebel Military Prisons.  Bowie, MD: Heritage Books, 1993. 664 p. 

McElroy also wrote several other non-fiction and fiction works on the Civil War period. See also his novel set at Andersonville, Si Klegg; Si, Shorty... (Item 216).

Maile (b. 1844) served in Company F of the 8th Regiment of Michigan Infantry.

Reprint of article in Century Magazine 40 (July-August 1890): 447-60, 606-22. 
Mann was a private in Company I of the 18th Regiment of Massachusetts Infantry.

Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 324, by the Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1958. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 198) says that the author saw Florence as the worst of the two.

Diary of Charlie Mosher (1842-1920) including imprisonment at Andersonville. Charles C. Mosher was a private in Company B of the 85th Regiment of New York Infantry.

James A. Mowris, M.D. (1825-1903). 
Contains "Appendix. A Detail of Prison Life at Andersonville," pp. 291-315, by Corporal Alexander McLean, sergeant in Company A, 117th Regiment of New York Volunteer Infantry, a prisoner at Andersonville from May of 1864 to March of 1865.

George Murray was a private in Company F of the 28th Regiment of Massachusetts Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 198) says this memoir is "worthless."

According to the Library of Congress Online Catalog: http://lcweb.loc.gov/catalog.

Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 347, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957. 
Name sometimes given as "John W. Northrup."

According to the Library of Congress Online Catalog: http://lcweb.loc.gov/catalog. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 199) says this memoir is caustic and somewhat confused. 

Page (b. 1839) was a sergeant in Company A of the 6th Regiment of Michigan Cavalry. He was captured on September 22, 1863, and released in late 1864. His memoir became famous as the most positive defense of Wirz by an Andersonville prisoner. Futch (item 206, p. 139), states it portrays Wirz as a "charitable humanitarian" but is marred by inaccuracies. Nevertheless, defenders of Wirz and revisionists of the prevailing historical view of Andersonville often cite Page in efforts to refute charges against Wirz and other Confederate authorities. 
Excerpt (item 191), pp. 49-67. 
Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 360, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957. 
Reprint: North Scituate, MA: Digital Scanning, 1999. Available in hardback, paperback, and on CD-ROM.

Asa Newton Paschal (1837-1864) 

Phillips was a corporal in Company H of the 100th Ohio Infantry.

Ransom J. Powell (1849-1899) was a musician in Company I of the 10th Regiment of West Virginia Infantry. He was captured on January 3, 1864, and paroled on October 16, 1864.

Co. L, 3rd New York Cavalry. 
Reproduced on microfilm:  Atlanta, GA: SOLINET, 1993.

Ransom was a sergeant in Company A of the 9th Regiment of Michigan Cavalry. 
Perhaps the best known, most often reproduced and widely read of all of the prisoners' memoirs on Andersonville. While a compelling narrative with merit, some scholars of Andersonville believe it was written with many exaggerations in an effort to win more generous pensions for the Andersonville survivors. 
Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 388, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957. 
Reproduced on microfiche in series Library of American Civilization by Library Resources of Chicago, 1970. 
Reprints and later editions: 
Andersonville Diary...  Philadelphia: Douglass Bros., 1883. 381 p. 
Andersonville Diary. Introduction by Bruce Catton.  New York: Paul S. Eriksson, 1963. 281 p. 
John Ransom's Andersonville Diary.  New York: Berkley Books, 1963. 281 p. 
Andersonville Diary.   New York: M.S.G. House, 1974. 
The Andersonville Diary.  Narrated by Adrian Cronauer. Prince Frederick, MD: Recorded Books, 1988. (5 cassettes, 7 1/2 hours). 
On the Internet: "Andersonville Diary," Essential Documents in American History (January, 1997). 76 p. (Text of Ransom's memoir. This online magazine can be accessed through EBSCOhost database.)

Ripple was a private in Company K of the 52nd Regiment of Pennsylvania Infantry. 
For reviews, see: 
School Library Journal v. 43, n. 5 (May 1997): 166-67. 
America's Civil War v. 9, n. 6 (January 1997): 88.

Pages 77-133 contain the diary of Samuel Melvin (1844-1864), a private in Company K of the 1st Regiment of Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. He was captured on May 19, 1864 and sent to Andersonville where he died on September 25, 1864.

George G. Russell was captured on May 6, 1864, and confined at Andersonville. 
Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 402, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957.

Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 404, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957.

Smedley was a corporal in Company G of the 90th Regiment of Pennsylvania Infantry. 
Reprint: A Pennsylvania Quaker in Andersonville: The Diary of Charles Smedley.  Forward by James Durkin.  Glenside, PA: Michael Santarelli and James Durkin, 1995. 89 p. 
Charles Smedley (1836-1864). 
Byrne (item 3, p. 202) says this is a "very valuable" and apparently unaltered diary of Andersonville.

Smith (1828-1905), served in Company G, 11th Iowa Volunteers, and originally published his memoir in Iowa about the year 1875. 
For more information on this book, see:  http://www.iowa-counties.com/authors/andersonville.

Charles M. Smith (1843-1908).

Stafford was a private in Company D of the 83rd Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 203) says this memoir is vague, confused, and poorly written.

Darius Starr (1842-1864) was a sergeant in Company F of the 2nd U.S. Sharpshooters (from New Hampshire). He was captured on May 6, 1864, and confined at Andersonville where he died on September 2, 1864.

Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 429, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957. 
Another edition: The Civil War Diary of Amos E. Stearns, A Prisoner at Andersonville.  Edited by Leon Basile.  Rutherford, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1981. 127 p. 
Stearns (1833-1912), was a private in Company A, 25th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment. His imprisonment at Andersonville, from May 30 to September 14, 1864, is related in pages 63 to 84. The entire diary runs from March 4, 1863, to January 4, 1865. Most entries are brief, up to a few sentences each. See also the review in Georgia Historical Quarterly 65 (1981): 285-86. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 203) holds this to be a well-written, relatively unembittered memoir.

Private Asbery C. Stephen (1839-1929), Company H of the 116th Ohio Infantry.

2nd Edition:  The Dispatch Carrier: A Thrilling Description of the Adventures of a Dispatch Carrier in the Late War... Port Byron, IL: Port Byron "Globe" Print, 1892. 89 p.+61 p. "Memoirs of Andersonville" forms 61 pages. 
Another edition:  The Dispatch Carrier; and, Memoirs of Andersonville.  Bernalillo, NM: J. Beer and G. Macmaster, 1992. 59 p.+43 p. 
William Nelson Tyler (1838-1910) was a sergeant in Company B of the 95th Regiment of Illinois Infantry. He was captured on June 10, 1864 and released on April 18, 1865.

Sergeant Oates was the pseudonym of John B. Vaughter, a sergeant in Company C of the 4th Regiment of Kentucky Infantry. He was captured on July 30, 1864. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 205) says this memoir is "of small utility."

The author was a soldier in the 48th New York Infantry. 
Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 459, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957.

Weiser was a private in Company A of the 10th Regiment of New York Infantry. He was confined at Andersonville and Florence. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 205) says this memoir is poorly written and often erroneous. 

Sidney S. Williams, b. 1837.

(2) Articles.

Allen was a private in Company G, 17th Regiment of Iowa Volunteer Infantry. He was imprisoned at Andersonville from the summer of 1864 to March of 1865. His account, first written in 1895, gives several pages and some details on Andersonville.

Ames was a corporal in Company H, 4th Iowa Infantry. Imprisoned at Andersonville from December 25, 1864 to April 5, 1865. The whole diary runs from August 31, 1864 to April 28, 1865. Brief entries.

Boate was a private in the 42nd New York Infantry regiment. 
First printed in the New York News in July of 1865, Boate's memoir and description of Andersonville cover five pages of this article. He puts the weight of blame for the sufferings at Andersonville on the "U.S. Administration" for refusing to resume the prisoner exchange program. The defenders of the Confederate authorities often repeated this argument. 
Excerpt in Andersonville: The Southern Perspective, pp. 69-77.

Sergeant John M. Burdick (d. 1865), 21st New York Cavalry, was a prisoner at Andersonville from late June to September 13, 1864. The diary runs from June 19 to October 24, 1864. The entries are very brief.

A private in the 14th and 15th Illinois Infantry Regiments, Cox was imprisoned at Andersonville from October 11, 1864 to the end of the war. He provides a well-written narrative with vivid descriptions, anecdotes, and accounts of being moved around to Millen, Blackshear, Thomasville, and Albany. He depicts the camp commander Wirz as a villainous tyrant. This account was first published in 1914 with no mention of when it was written, but it is composed as a memoir and not a diary. The Educational Bi-Monthly was published by the Chicago Normal School Press from 1906 to 1917.

Soldier in Company G, 93rd Regiment of Indiana Volunteers. Prisoner at Andersonville from June 18, 1864 through the next winter. Provides brief and vivid description of life in the prison.

Dougherty (see item 85) was a private in Company M of the 13th Pennsylvania Cavalry. Futch (item 206, p. 137), states that this work is largely fiction.

William H. Gilbert (d. 1905) was a soldier in Company A, 19th Illinois Infantry Regiment and prisoner at Andersonville and other prisons.

See the memoir of Goss (item 95).

Benjamin F. Gue (1828-1904). Originally published in the Iowa State Register, May 30, 1884.

Harris was a private in Company C, 7th New Hampshire Infantry. Imprisoned at Andersonville, he escaped from there on September 18, 1864.

George W. Hegeman, born 1845 in Brooklyn, New York, soldier in Company B of the 52nd New York. Imprisoned at Andersonville from March 20, to September 27, 1864. The diary runs from October 8, 1863 to January 13, 1865. The entries, mostly brief, but some lengthy, describe the horrors of sickness and death in the prison.

Charles Ferren Hopkins (1844-1936) was a corporal in Company I of the 1st New Jersey Volunteer Infantry. He arrived at Andersonville on May 22, 1864, escaped once, was recaptured and sent to Florence, South Carolina. This article is an excerpt of his memoir.

Presents eight letters of the Rev. Henry Sumner White, a Methodist minister who served as chaplain of the 5th Rhode Island Heavy Artillery. He was a prisoner at Andersonville from May 16, 1864 for an undisclosed time. The letters were written after his release and are dated from November 24, 1864 to February 1, 1865. The information on Andersonville is given on pages 31 to 38. White wrote that on leaving Andersonville he asked the camp commander Wirz to be allowed to stay the summer of 1864 in order to minister to the prisoners, but Wirz refused (p.38).

Excerpt of his memoir.

Gives the text of several letters written by prisoners at Andersonville but not delivered. The letters came into possession of Louis Manigault: 
William Wilson, 36th Infantry Regiment of Pennsylvania; letter of June 8, 1864. 
Sylvester Ferry, corporal in Company I of the 146th Infantry Regiment; letter of New York, June 9, 1864. 
William C. McCluskey, private in Company G of the 103rd Infantry Regiment of Pennsylvania; letter of June 9, 1864. 
John Avery, private in Company D of the 146th Infantry Regiment of New York; letter of July 24, 1864. 
John C. Collier, private in Company B of the 6th Cavalry Regiment of Illinois; letter of July 25, 1864. 
John A. Naus, private in Company B of the 101st Infantry Regiment of Indiana; letter undated.

Soldier in the 20th Michigan Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville.

Lee was a corporal in Company B of the 16th Regiment of Connecticut Infantry.

The presumed author, Alfred W. Letteer, was a Sergeant Major in the 77th Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry and a prisoner at Andersonville from June 29 to September 8, 1864. The diary runs from June 29 to September 14, 1864. 

Alfred Lyth (1843?-1924), was a private in Company H of the 100th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment.

Undated letter of Louis Manigault of Charleston, secretary of Dr. Joseph Jones, the Confederate army surgeon at Andersonville. Manigault was in Andersonville from September to November of 1864. He stated that the high rate of death was "brought on by the rude prison life, filth and diet, also by scanty diet, with no variety, and many of them succumb to hunger." (p. 84).

Memoir of a soldier in Company A, 111th Illinois Infantry and prisoner at Andersonville.

Futch, (item 206, p. 140), says this is a strong defense of Confederate authorities by member of Wirz's staff.

Charles E. Reynolds was a Quartermaster Sergeant in Company F of the 68th Regiment of Ohio Infantry.

Charles Ross (b. 1838) of Lower Waterford, Vermont, sergeant in Company A of the 11th Vermont Volunteer Infantry regiment and prisoner at Andersonville from July 11 to November 15, 1864. The diary runs from June 11 to November 23, 1864. Pages 62 to 75 cover the days in Andersonville prison. The entries, a paragraph each, describe the terrible conditions of prison life but lack bitterness against the camp officials. 
See the two following items.

See items above and below.

See the two preceding items.

Frederick Emile Schmitt (1837-1923), soldier in Company D, 3rd New Jersey Cavalry Regiment and prisoner at Andersonville. This memoir, written in 1919, gives brief descriptions of terrible conditions in the prison but lacks the bitterness seen in other accounts.

Soldier in the 1st Vermont Cavalry Regiment. Futch, (item 206, p. 137), says this is one of the best diaries of Andersonville.

Memoir of a soldier imprisoned at Andersonville and several other prisons.

Darius Starr (1842-1864), sergeant in Company F, 2nd Regiment of U.S. Sharpshooters and prisoner at Andersonville from May 29 to September 2, 1864. The diary runs from January 1 to August 22, 1864. The entries are rather brief, matter-of-fact, and lacking in bitterness. A poignant diary given the fact that the author died eleven days after the last entry.

Journal of a prisoner who escaped from Andersonville.

Letters of a U.S. soldier who witnessed Andersonville.

A soldier in Company F, 5th Indiana Cavalry Regiment and prisoner at Andersonville from July to mid-September of 1864. Provides only a few paragraphs on Andersonville.

1. Books and Dissertations.

Pages 192-316 contain narratives of other persons. 
Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 1, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1956.

Also published in paperback in 1992.

Articles:
     Stevenson, R. Randolph. "Andersonville Prison (1876),"  pp. 15-31. Excerpt of his book The Southern Side... See item 226. 
     Pollard, Edward Alfred.  "A Confederate Report (1886)," pp. 33-48. Excerpt of his book The Lost Cause. 
     Page, James Madison.  "The Dead Line and How the Raiders were Executed (1908)," pp. 49-67. Excerpt of his book The True Story of Andersonville Prison. See item 124. 
     Boate, Edward Wellington.  "A Federal Report (1865)," pp. 69-77. Reprint of his article in the Southern Historical Society Papers, v. 10 (1882). 
     Rutherford, Mildred Lewis.  "Correspondence Regarding Henry Wirz, Commander of Andersonville Prison (1921),"  pp. 79-96. Excerpt of her book Facts and Figures... See item 222. 
     Scaife, William R.  "Andersonville and Sherman's Campaign for Georgia," pp. 99-117. See item 419. 
     Joyner, Earvin Lee, Jr.  "Life in the Stockade," pp. 119-32. See item 406. 
     Joslyn, Mauriel.  "The U.S. Policy of Retaliation on Confederate Prisoners of War," pp. 133-46. See item 404. 
     Dobson, John Wayne.  "All Were Prisoners There," pp. 146-60. 
     Bearss, Edwin C.  "A Bibliography and Recommended Reading Guide," pp. 173-80. 
     Joslyn, Mauriel. "Who Caused Andersonville?" pp. 181-91. [Answer=Union administration.] See item 405. 
See the review in Georgia Historical Quarterly 80 (1996): 189-90.

Available in the Hargrett Rare Book Room, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia.

Futch, (item 206, p. 139), holds that this is a Union account in praise of Wirz's management of the prison. Byrne (item 3, p. 186) says this is an all out defense of Wirz and is sometimes convincing, sometimes not.

Byrne (item 3, p. 187) says this contains two letters of Andersonville guards as well as "useful facts" on the shooting of the lame prisoner nicknamed Chickamauga.

Collection of short articles on various aspects of Andersonville in the Civil War and since.

Work of fiction about Andersonville

Reprinted from Belford's Magazine, Vol. 4, No. 20-21 (January 1890). Bound with Speeches of the Hon. Jefferson Davis of Mississippi. 
Reprinted in Confederate Veteran 15 (March-April 1907): 107-13, 161-66.

Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 158, by the Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1956. 
Byrne (item 3, p. 191) says this is extremely bitter and full of hearsay evidence.

Based on his Ph.D. dissertation (see item above). Well-documented scholarly study showing wide research in primary sources. Notable for its rather objective and reasonable approach and presentation. Neither overtly in defense nor in condemnation of the Confederate authorities, but in the end points out the failures of the local officials to provide decent care for the prisoners of war. Excellent bibliography, pp. 133-42.  One only wishes this work were not so brief. 
See the reviews in American Historical Review 74 (1969): 1374;  Choice 6 (April 1969): 274;  Journal of American History 55 (1969): 870.

Byrne (item 3, p. 193) says this is a second-hand account by a doctor who believed Southern whites to be "racially degenerate."

Publication of his Ph.D. dissertation, "Civil War Prisons: A Study in War Psychology," Ohio State University, 1928, 290 p. William B. Hesseltine (1902-1963) was to become Professor of History at the University of Wisconsin and a leading proponent of the revisionist interpretation of Andersonville. One of the most important of the scholarly revisionist works (one part on the Andersonville prison) concerning Andersonville. As the title indicates, holds that "psychology," or mass hysteria, at the end of the Civil War focused on the prison at Andersonville and exaggerated the case to form the prevailing myth of the unique horrors of the prison and its authorities. Sees Andersonville as not demonstrably worse than other prisons and the Confederates as no more to blame for conditions than the Union. 
Reprint:  New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing, 1964. 
Another reprint:  Forward by William Blair. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 1998. 290 p.

Work of fiction set mainly in the Andersonville prison.

The classic Civil War novel set in Andersonville, it has been reprinted many times in many ways. Winner of the 1956 Pulitzer Prize for fiction. Although it is a novel, it has had an enormous impact on the public perception of Andersonville ever since its appearance. It vividly describes the horrors of everyday life and death in the famous camp and depicts Captain Wirz and General Winder, but not all Southerners, as villains. On one side, defenders of the Confederacy view this book as anti-Southern by perpetuating the "myth" of Andersonville, the myth being that the Andersonville prison was essentially a death camp. On the other side, some writers have criticized this book for being too favorable to the South as it perpetuates the "myth" of the Romantic South in showing slave owners and the plantation system in a rather kindly light. Regardless of its historical accuracy, however, this book may be the single most powerful and influential work on Andersonville. 

Most of the many reviewers of this book heaped praise on it. Even the writer in Time (October 31, 1955, p. 94), while calling it "ordinary writing" and of "excessive length," said it was the greatest Civil War novel since Gone With the Wind. The well-known historian Henry Steele Commager hailed it as "the greatest of our Civil War novels" (The New York Times Book Review October 30, 1955, p. 1). Civil War historian Bruce Catton had the same opinion in the Chicago Sunday Tribune (October 30, 1955, p. 1). Richard Lemon, writing in Saturday Review (October 29, 1955, p. 13) called it "literary Fort Knox." Not everyone has thought this book to be a great contribution. Writers of the revisionist train blasted it for greatly popularizing the old, hated "myth of Andersonville." Hesseltine pronounced it bad history in The Georgia Review (item 235). Marvel denounced it as "almost entirely incorrect" (item 217). 

Recent reprints: 
Magnolia, MA: Peter Smith, 1993. 
New York: Dutton/Plume, a division of Penguin Putnam, 1993. 
Cutchogue, NY: Buccaneer Books, 1994. 

On the writing of this novel, see: 
Kantor, MacKinlay, "The Writing of Andersonville," Books at Iowa 43 (November 1985): 24-29. 
"MacKinlay Kantor and Andersonville." Look  v. 19, n. 25 (December 13, 1955): 188-89, 191-92. (Short text and numerous photographs of Andersonville and Kantor. These, and other photographs may be found in The Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Online Catalog, Look Magazine Photograph Collection, keyword "Andersonville":  http://lcweb2.loc.gov/) 

For biographical works on MacKinlay Kantor see: 
* Kantor, Tim.  My Father's Voice: MacKinlay Kantor Long Remembered.  New York: McGraw-Hill, 1988. 290 p. (For a review, see New York Times Book Review, v. 93, September 11, 1988, p. 27.) 
* Eckley, Wilton.  "MacKinlay Kantor."  In Dictionary of Literary Biography. Volume Nine. American Novelists, 1910-1945, Part 2,  edited by James J. Martine, 148-53. Detroit: Gale Research, 1981. 
* "Kantor, MacKinlay."  In Contemporary Authors. Vol. 61-64, edited by Cynthia R. Fadool, 288-89. Detroit: Gale Research, 1976. 
* "Kantor, MacKinlay."  In Contemporary Literary Criticism. Vol. 7, edited by Phyllis Carmel Mendelson and Dedria Bryfonski, 194-96. Detroit: Gale Research, 1977. 
* Zaidman, Laura M.  "MacKinlay Kantor." In Dictionary of Literary Biography, v. 102. American Short-Story Writers, 1910-1945, Second Series, edited by Bobby Ellen Kimbel, 177-87. Detroit: Gale Research, 1991. 

An original drama based on the transcripts of the trial of Henry Wirz, the commander of the Andersonville prison. The play opened on December 29, 1959, at the Henry Miller Theatre in New York. 
Another edition:  The Andersonville Trial, a Play.  New York: Random House, 1960. 120 p. 
Sound recording:  See item 247 below. 

The full text of the play may be found in Theatre Arts 45 (May 1961): 27-53. 
Drawn from the printed trial proceedings, the play raises the issues of following orders, individual responsibility, and moral decisions in war. While dealing with Andersonville, it has obvious overtones of the Nuremburg trails where the Nazi leaders claimed only to be following orders. The reviews of the play were mixed with a good deal of praise, and criticism. In the opinion of Robert Brunstein ("Andersonville Revisited," New Republic 142, January 18, 1960, p. 21-22), it was more successful as journalism than as theatre. Henry Hewes ("Uncivil War," Saturday Review January 16, 1960, p. 54) said it was a "noisy thunderstorm, not substantial rain." The reviewer for Time ("New Play on Broadway," Time 75, January 11, 1960, p. 46) panned it saying it "does not really satisfy as a whole." Harold Clurman (Nation 190, January 23, 1960, p. 87-88) said it made an absorbing evening at the theatre but had weaknesses. Similar reviews came from Tom F. Driver, "Tragedy Unrealized," Christian Century 77 (February 3, 1960): 136-37; and Theophilus Lewis, "The Andersonville Trial," America 102 (January 16, 1960): 482-83. Life magazine, February 8, 1960, p. 125-26, gave it a photo spread and called it "a powerful shot of drama." There were also reviews in Theatre Arts 44 (March 1960): 12; New Yorker 35 (January 9, 1960): 69-70; and Newsweek 55 (January 11, 1960): 60. Perhaps the harshest review came from Richard Hayes ("The Moral Motif," Commonweal 71, January 22, 1960, p. 469) who said "It cannot but weary."

A work of fiction by a survivor of Andersonville who also published a memoir, Andersonville: A Story of Rebel Military Prisons... (see item 113). John McElroy (1846-1929) was a private in Company L, 16th Illinois Cavalry Regiment.

Notes, pp. 252-308; bibliography, pp. 309-21. Readable history of Andersonville based on wide research in primary sources. While it presents a rather lengthy and detailed history of Andersonville and does so in appealing narrative style, the constant tone of this work is to defend the Confederates, including Henry Wirz, against the powerfully prevailing view of Andersonville. Marvel places much of the blame for the worst sufferings at Andersonville on the Union authorities and on the prisoners themselves. Meanwhile, he often defends the Confederate authorities, especially Wirz. In the end, he rejects most of the previous literature on Andersonville: Kantor's famous novel is "almost entirely incorrect" (p. 323); Futch's history "suffers from an unhealthy reliance upon dubious sources" (p. 323); most of the diaries and memoirs are untrustworthy. Pro-Confederates, or the "Southern side," will take comfort for their views in this book; others will find it useful for its impressive compilation of sources on Andersonville. It stands as perhaps the most important revisionist history of Andersonville. 

The reviews on this book are mixed: Journal of American History 82 (1995): 749; Journal of Southern History 62 (1996): 156; Civil War History 41 (1995): 169 and 42 (1996): 277-78; Choice 32 (February 1995): 998; Journal of Mississippi History 58 (1996): 413-15; Illinois Historical Journal 88 (1995): 207-08; Indiana Magazine of History 91 (1995): 443-44; Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 93 (1995): 226-27; West Virginia History 54 (1995): 139-40; History: Reviews of New Books 23 (1995): 149-50.

According to the Library of Congress catalog: http://lcweb.loc.gov/catalog.

Reproduced on microopaque in series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 394, by Lost Cause Press of Louisville, KY, 1957. 
Also published as The Prisoner of War...  Indianapolis, IN: R. Douglass, 1887. 244 p.

"Miss Mildred" (1852-1928) was a well-known vigorous champion of Wirz and the Confederate authorities and critic of the Union side. In this essay, she certainly reflected the feelings of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, and indeed many white Southerners, in the wake of the Andersonville monument battles of the early 1900's. Rutherford's essay has sometimes been cited by revisionists to defend Wirz and the other Confederate authorities. Excerpt (item 191, pp. 79-96). 
Another edition:  [Plains, GA: United Daughters of the Confederacy, 1983?]. 60 p.

"Miss Mildred" (see item above) continued her attack on the Yankees and defense of Wirz.

According to the Library of Congress Online Catalog: http://lcweb.loc.gov/catalog.

Early strong attack on the Union side for the sufferings at Andersonville by the surgeon-in-charge of the prison. Futch (item 206, p. 140), states that the author vehemently denounced the Federal government for the crime of Andersonville while giving unconvincing arguments for his own innocence on charges of embezzling $100,000 from hospital accounts. Excerpt (item 191, pp. 15-31). 
Reproduced on microfiche in series Library of American Civilization by Library Resources of Chicago, 1970. 
Also reproduced on microfiche by Research Publications, of Woodbridge, CT, 1991. 
Reprint:  The Southern Side, or, Andersonville Prison. New Market, VA: John M. Bracken, 1995. 488 p.

According to the Library of Congress Online Catalog:  http://lcweb.loc.gov/catalog.

A children's book giving a history of the prison and a tour of the present park.

2. Articles.

Describes various aspects of everyday life in the prison. Well-documented with primary sources. This information is incorporated in his later book (see item 206).

Continues his earlier work (see item 210) on the theory that Yankee psychosis produced the myth of Andersonville and that Wirz became the hapless sacrificial victim. Holds that the death rate in the Andersonville hospital was probably no higher than in other prison hospitals (p.104) and that bad conditions resulted from shortages in the Confederacy, not from calculated policy.

Written to refute Kantor's newly published best-selling novel Andersonville (see item 212). Holds that Kantor perpetuates "the myth of Andersonville" (p. 99). Hesseltine continues his earlier work on the theory of anti-Southern psychosis. For this hysteria, he puts a great deal of blame on Secretary of War Stanton (p. 96) and denounces the famous memoirs of McElroy, Goss, and Ranson as little more than rehash of the Wirz trial transcript.

Hesseltine (item 210, p. 281) says this is "scientific," or fair treatment while Futch (item 206, p. 141) sees this as a dispassionate account.

3. Audio-Visual Works.

VHS tape of an eighteen million dollar original production made for and first aired on the TNT television network on March 3-4, 1996. Written and produced by David W. Rintels; directed by John Frankenheimer. It is based on MacKinlay Kantor's famous 1955 novel, Andersonville. The text of this production was published as:  Rintels, David W.  Andersonville: The Complete Original Screenplay.  Introduction by James M. McPherson; foreword by John Frankenheimer.  Atlanta, GA: Gideon Books, 1996. 201 p. 

For reviews and comments see: 
Caryn, James.  "Disgrace in a Profusion of Detail."  New York Times  March 2, 1996, p. 11. 
Marin, Rick.  "The Infamous Stockade."  Newsweek  v. 128, Issue 10 (March 4, 1996): 62. 
Marvel, William.  "Andersonville: The Myth Endures."  Civil War Times Illustrated  v. 35, n. 1 (April 1996): 10. (Marvel criticizes the television production as perpetuating the "myth" of Andersonville popularized largely by McKinlay Kantor's novel on Andersonville.) 
"TNT Takes No Prisoners."  Broadcasting & Cable  v. 126, n. 11 (March 11, 1996): 70. (Reports that this was the number one basic cable program in terms of numbers of viewers for the week of Feb. 26-March 3.) 

For a book based on the presentation see: 
Vaughan, Robert.  Andersonville/Robert Vaughan; based on the screenplay by David W. Rintels.  A Boulevard Book published in arrangement with Turner Pictures. New York: Berkley, 1996. 296 p.

Video release of the television drama produced by the PBS station KCET in Los Angeles, in 1970. Performers include Martin Sheen, William Shatner, Buddy Ebsen, Richard Basehart, Cameron Mitchell, and Jack Cassidy.

Audio presentation of item 213 above. Unabridged text of the Levitt play read by actors. See the review in Library Journal v. 116, n. 10 (1991): 226.

Exhibit of twenty photographs taken during the filming of item 241 above.

Interactive CD-ROM disc for Windows and MacIntosh computer platforms. Divided into six parts: 1-"Andersonville Prison," timeline, photos, and the "Sultana" disaster; 2-"Trial of Captain Henry Wirz; 3-"POW Museum and Database," contains a searchable database of 33,000+ prisoners at Andersonville and the 13,000+ Civil War graves; 4-"Visiting Andersonville"; 5-"A Civil War Overview"; 6-"Links to the Past." For more details see:  http://www.rapidnet.com/~greg/Tom/CDROM.htmll. 

The offical publication of the trial transcript with direct quotes and summaries of the testimony. 
Reproduced on microfiche in series Historical Trials Relevant to Today's Issues, No. 20. 
Englewood, CO: Microcard Editions, 1975. 
Influential in the production of numerous ex-prisoners' memoirs for years to come.

Prepared under direction of Norton Parker Chipman.

Lew Wallace (1827-1905). 
Reprint: New York: Garrett Press, 1969.

One in a set of four photographs made at the execution of Wirz, November 10, 1865, Old Capitol grounds, Washington, DC. These are available in digital form on the Web and for order from the Library of Congress. All four photographs are available at the same address. 
The other three photographs are entitled: 
"[Washington, D.C. Adjusting the rope for the execution of Wirz]." 
"[Washington, D.C. Soldier springing the trap; men in trees and Capitol dome beyond]." 
"[Washington, D.C. Hooded body of Captain Wirz hanging from the scaffold]."

Memoir of James Joseph Williamson (1834-1915). One chapter on the Wirz trial.

Published by the United States Army Military Commission. 
In German: Der Damon von Andersonville; oder, Die Untersuchung gegen Wirz für die grausame behandlung und scheussliche todtung hülfloser gefangener in seinen händen.  Philadelphia: Barclay, [1865]. 136 p.

According to Koerting (item 272), Volume 8 (1917) of this set contains an abridged version of the Wirz trial transcript, 250 pages.

This and the item above defend Wirz.

Pages 127 to 134 refer to the Wirz trial.

Written to counter Davis' defense of the prison (item 200). Chipman's work is carried on by the following item.

Norton Parker Chipman (1836-1924) was the judge advocate of the military commission that tried Wirz. In light of the recent efforts to make a hero and martyr of Wirz in acts such as the erection of a public monument in the village of Andersonville, Chipman felt compelled to defend the work of the military commission. In this book, he tries to reprove the case against Wirz by giving lengthy excepts of the testimony most accusatory of the defendant. Chipman's works stand as the most venomous condemnation of Wirz. 
2 ed., revised and enlarged: [Sacramento, CA, 1911?]. 532 p. 
First edition reprinted:  The Notable Trials Library. Introduction by Alan M. Dershowitz. Birmingham, AL: Leslie B. Adams, Jr., 1990. 511 p. 
Second edition reprint: North Scituate, MA: Digital Scanning, 1999. Available in two formats: cloth and CD-ROM.

Alexander Gardner was the photographer present at Wirz's execution. His famous photographs of the event are commonly available in print and on the Internet.

In German. "Captain Henry Wirz and the Background of the Andersonville Trial." Sees Wirz as a victim of many forces.

Scholarly examination of the primary and secondary sources on the topic of the Wirz trial. Holds that the trial was a miscarriage of justice allowed by the flawed justice system of the day. Chipman was able to control the proceedings and railroad Wirz in order to set up an even greater attack on the ultimate aim, Jefferson Davis. Koerting gives scholarly documentation to the traditional view, favored by the pro-Confederates, that Wirz was a scapegoat and victim.

Brief and bitter attack on "the North" which made Wirz a victim of prejudices.

Describes Old Capitol which was used as a prison during the Civil War. Wirz was held in Room No. 9, on the Third Floor. He was hanged in the prison yard on November 10, 1865. The building was later demolished and the present Supreme Court building erected on the site.

Continues Hesseltine's (see item 210) thesis of post-war hysteria as cause of Wirz's trial.

Spencer was a unionist who lived near Andersonville and served as a prominent prosecution witness in the Wirz trial. According to Futch (item 206, p. 140), Spencer's book charging the Confederates with intentional extermination of the prisoners at Andersonville is "ridiculously fallacious". Byrne (item 3, p. 202) says Spencer is "rabidly hostile" and careless with the facts. 

Reprinted from Iowa Journal of History and Politics 9 (1911): 33-56. 
Published at the same time as Chapman's book (see item 266), this books also defends the work of the commission.

Fictionalized account of Wirz's life.

Includes:  Barton, Clara. "Report of an expedition to Andersonville, Georgia, July, 1865, for the purpose of identifying the graves and enclosing the grounds of a cemetery created there during the occupation of that place as a prison for Union soldiers in rebel hands," pp. v-viii. 
Reprinted in 1868 and 1890. 
Also reprinted as:  Atwater Report: List of Prisoners who Died in 1864 '65 at Andersonville Prison, compiled by Private Dorance Atwater.  Andersonville, GA: National Society of Andersonville, [1980]. 74 p.

Text of the law setting up the Andersonville monument commission in Illinois.

The Rev. Hamilton Wilcox Pierson (1817-1888). 
Reproduced on microfiche by Lost Cause Press, of Louisville, KY, 1964. 
Reprint:  Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1972. 28 p. 

This book is also available in digital form on the Web. Use the following address to go to the Library of Congress "American Memory" collection, keyword "Andersonville": http://memory.loc.gov/

Includes a long list of items placed in a box within the sub-base of the monument.

Other Park Service maps: 
"Andersonville National Historic Site, Georgia: Official Map and Guide." [Washington, DC?]: 
National Park Service, 1986. 1 sheet. 
"Andersonville National Historic Site, Georgia, Official Map and Guide." [Washington, DC?]: National Park Service, [1993]. 1 sheet. 
"Andersonville National Historic Site, Georgia: Official Map and Guide." [Washington, DC?]: National Park Service, [1998]. 1 sheet.

Describes and evaluates various factors about the park and sets management objectives for the future.

In series, U.S. Quartermaster's Dept., Roll of Honor, No. 3. 
Note with title: Quartermaster General's Office, General Orders, No. 70. Report of Capt. James M. Moore upon the cemetery at Andersonville, Ga., November 25, 1865. 
This is an official report on the graves at Andersonville.

Nick Adde's articles describe the new National Prisoner of War Museum at Andersonville.

Refers to the new National Prisoner of War Museum at Andersonville.

Booklet describing Barton's and Atwater's work at Andersonville.

Sponsored by the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Georgia Division. Address in Memorial Hall, May 13, 1909, the day after the unveiling of the Wirz monument at Andersonville. 
Reproduced on microfiche:  Sanford, NC: Microfilming Corp. of America, 1983.

Refers to the new National Prisoners of War Museum at Andersonville.

Contains a part on Andersonville, p. 47.

Refers to the town of Andersonville.

Mentions the Andersonville park among the Civil War sites.

According to the Library of Congress Online Catalog: http://lcweb.loc.gov/catalog

Brief report on the groundbreaking for the new museum at Andersonville.

Describes the town of Andersonville at the time.

Local historian gives a description of the area of Andersonville.

Pages 42-61 concern the Iowa monument at Andersonville.

Reports a curious incident in 1958 when the Georgia division of the United Daughters of the Confederacy sponsored a bill in the state legislature to appropriate state money for the repair of the Wirz monument in Andersonville. The bill appeared safe until a little-known legislator, Rep. Ulysses S. Lancaster of Jones County, whose grandfather was a guard at Andersonville, arose to object and to denounce Wirz as the cruelest man who ever was. The bill then failed on a vote of 44-68. Shows that not all Southerners regarded Wirz as a hero and martyr.

Describes the construction of the prisoner of war museum at Andersonville.

Refers to the National Prisoner of War Museum at Andersonville.

Also contains, "Personal Reminiscences of the Writer, D.[David] G. James," pp. 63-90, a harsh memoir on Andersonville, and long excepts of the Congressional investigation, the trial of Wirz, and the report of Clara Barton.

First published, Boston, 1922. 
Pages 304-327 cover Barton's 1865 expedition to Andersonville. The text includes many documents of the period. 
See item 369 for a recent scholarly assessment of her role in 1865.

Many survivors of Andersonville died in the explosion of the steamboat "Sultana," on the Mississippi River, April 28, 1865.

General John Henry Winder (1800-1865) was Henry Wirz's immediate superior in the Confederate army. After his death shortly before the end of the Civil War, blame for Andersonville tended to focus squarely on Wirz.

Howell Cobb (1815-1870).

History of the 15th Infantry Regiment of Wisconsin in the Civil War. Peter Gabriel Dietrichson (1844-1891).

Photograph album containing several pages of the well-known photographs of Andersonville during and after the War.

Scholarly examination of the development of the public perceptions on Andersonville. For a Summary, see the citation in Dissertation Abstracts.

John S. Jameson (1842-1864). 
Reproduced on microfilm: Woodbridge, CT: Research Publications, 1977.

Futch (item 206, p. 140), states that Jones gives the results of his pathological investigations and tries to clear the Confederate authorities of blame for the high rate of mortality at Andersonville.

Contains "The Letters of Edwin W. Niver [1844-1864] written while serving in the Union army during the Civil War,"  pp. 7-25, and "Andersonville Prison...as Seen by Corporal H.J. Peters," pp. 49-58.

The most thorough and detailed account of this phase of Barton's life. Provides a useful description of her work at Andersonville in 1865. Well documented in notes on pages 389-511. 
See item 356 for another detailed account of Clara Barton's life.

Byrne (item 3, p. 199) says this is the ex-prisoner's explanation of his famous picture of the prison. 

Reproduced on microfiche: Woodbridge, CT: Research Publications, 1996.

Part of a ten-volume set reproducing thousands of photographs taken during the War, Francis Trevelyan Miller, editor-in-chief. This volume contains several of the well-known photographs of Andersonville.

Study of the "Sultana" tragedy of April 28, 1865, in which many newly-freed Andersonville prisoners died.

Well-regarded scholarly biography, but not as extensive on Andersonville as item 369.

Reproduced on microopaque in the series Travels in the Confederate States, No. 401, by Lost Cause Press, of Louisville, KY, 1957.

Extract of Hours at Home 5 (1867): 409-15.

Trowbridge (1827-1916) made an extensive tour of the South soon after the end of the War in 1865 and published this account of it the next year. Pages 468-74 cover Andersonville. 
Reprint: New York: Arno Press, 1969. 

Children's book on Civil War prisons.

A novel for young adults about a drummer boy who is sent to Andersonville prison.

Description of a curious incident in which a husband and wife, who was masquerading as a man, were taken captive and imprisoned at Andersonville. Soon after the wife gave birth, Wirz learned of the couple, paroled them, and sent the three of them off on a north-bound train. There is no documentation in this article and no mention of the origin of the story.

In French. An article in a popular history magazine published in France. Refers to the accusation that Wirz used smallpox vaccinations to promote death in the prison.

Refers to the magazine's coverage of the late War in Georgia with a section on Andersonville.

Refers to Dr. Joseph Jones and his report on diseases at Andersonvile. See item 366.

Brief article, but much attention to Andersonville. Puts much blame for hardships in the prison on the economic conditions in the Confederacy.

Letters: Davis to General R.H. Chilton, Sept. 2, 1875 and Dec. 9, 1875. Davis blames the Union for the breakdown of the prisoner exchange program.

An artist who died a prisoner at Andersonville.

With an eye toward Andersonville, Major General George Stoneman led a Union move on Macon, was defeated, captured, and taken off to Andersonville.

Study of the case of the "Raiders," in which six prisoners were tried and executed by the other prisoners for crimes committed in the camp. Compilation of the accounts in the primary sources.

Reproduces many pictures of the Andersonville prison published in "the North." Holds that these powerful images perpetuated exaggerated ideas of the prison.

Refers to a family in Kern County, California. One of the brothers had been a prisoner at Andersonville.

Most of the men in this unit were prisoners at Andersonville, and most of them died there.

According to the Library of Congress Online Catalog: http://lcweb.loc.gov/catalog.

Charges that Lincoln did nothing to get the U.S. prisoners out of Andersonville.

Presents a school lesson plan on Andersonville.

Denounces the famous diary of John L. Ranson, one of the most widely read and cited publications of the Andersonville prisoners. Marvel calls the Ranson book "antedated invention" (p. 188), asserts that there was no original diary, and charges the "diary" to be as fictitious as that of McElroy.  Moreover, Marvel holds that Ransom was driven by greed; he published the book in a quest for a pension and to make the money McElroy had amassed on the publication of his sensational memoir of Andersonville. As support for his charges, Marvel cites the inconsistencies between Ransom and other Andersonville diarists.

Finally, a long overdue work on Father Peter Whelan, the Catholic priest from Savannah who ministered heroically in the Andersonville prison during the long summer of 1864. This article reveals that he was even more self-sacrificing than had been generally known.

Presents a lesson plan on Andersonville for high school students: objectives, procedures, teaching suggestions, discussion questions, and bibliography.

The remaining Andersonville prisoners were finally released on March 24, 1865. They were assembled with the POW's from the prison at Cahaba, Alabama, to form a group of 5,500 at Camp Fish near Vicksburg, Mississippi, awaiting transportation northward. The steamboat "Sultana" was incredibly overloaded with 2,100 of these men when it exploded on April 28, 1865, killing some 1,700 of them.

Refers to Charles J. Munnerlyn (b. 1822), commander of the "Cow Cavalry," the 1st Battalion, Florida Special Cavalry, a unit set up to ensure deliver of Florida beef to Confederate soldiers and to prisoners at camps such as Andersonville.

Refers to Samuel Boyer Davis, of Maryland, the interim commander at Andersonville in Wirz's absence in 1864.

"Sambo" refers to historian Stanley Elkins's theory that slaves affected a behavior of childlike submission. Williams points out that McElroy supports this theory when he shows in his famous book on Andersonville that slaves adopted the "Sambo" role around their white masters but abandoned it otherwise such as when helping federal soldiers.

Refers to James Madison Page, the Andersonville prisoner who published a famous defense of Wirz in 1908, and his late life in Montana.

The National Park Service official site for Andersonville. Provides many details about the park such as hours of opening.

Web site of the Macon County, Georgia, Chamber of Commerce providing an interactive Andersonville prisoner lookup. One can search a database of information on over 32,000 of the men who were imprisoned at Andersonville. Some records provide biographical details.

A free listserv on Andersonville devoted to all aspects of the subject. See the site for instruction on subscribing to the list.

National Park Service site giving a detailed description of recent archaeological work at Andersonville.

Site created by a class at the University of Missouri, Kansas City School of Law. Presents a good deal of information about the famous trial.

Regimental history including imprisonment at Andersonville.